Nutritional Properties of <i>Kigelia africana</i> Fruit Meal: Additive Effects on Growth Response, Blood Characteristics, Carcass Properties and Organoleptic Attributes of Japanese Quails

Authors

  • Taiwo K. Ojediran Department of Wildlife and Ecotourism Management, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, 210210, Nigeria.
  • Victor O. Durojaye Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, 210210, Nigeria.
  • Mathew S. Ajayi Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, 210210, Nigeria.
  • Ifedayo A. Agbede Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, 210210, Nigeria.
  • Funmilayo L. Oni Department of Wildlife and Ecotourism Management, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, 210210, Nigeria.
  • Lateef O. Alamu Department of Forest Resources Management, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, 210210, Nigeria.
  • Isiaka A. Emiola Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, 210210, Nigeria.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26538/tjpps/v3i6.6

Keywords:

Sensory, Blood metabolites, Performance, Kigelia africana, Coturnix japonica

Abstract

This trial was drawn to investigate the growth response, blood constituents, carcass, and sensory properties of Japanese quails to the dietary inclusion of Suasage (Kigelia africana) fruit meal as a feed additive. Four feeding groups were drawn at random from among 240 unsexed Japanese quails, aged two weeks. They were fed Kigelia africana Fruit Meal (KaFM) as a feed additive at 0.00% (A), 0.10% (B), 0.20% (C), and 0.30% (D) inclusion rate respectively. During the eight-week trial, three replicates of twenty quails each were used in each feed group. The three-week-long growing phase ended when the quails were further divided according to sex at first lay. Throughout the trial, weekly data on growth performance were gathered, and at 10 weeks of age, the birds were slaughtered for blood, carcass, and organoleptic analyses. All data were analyzed using one-way Analysis of Variance. These findings revealed that KaFM influenced (p<0.05) intake, feed-to-gain, age at first lay, haematological parameters, transaminase activity, carcass and organoleptic indices. Conclusively, group (A) reached laying age earlier (39d), thus KaFM could delay female sexual maturity. According to the study's findings, 0.1% KaFM inclusion dose was sufficient for boosting the growth performance of Japanese quails (Feed conversion ratio=4.53), 0.20% KaFM for blood metabolites which were within the established range for healthy quails, higher carcass weight, meat color, tenderness, and overall acceptability.

         Views | PDF Download | EPUB Download:68 / 48 / 24

Author Biography

Taiwo K. Ojediran, Department of Wildlife and Ecotourism Management, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, 210210, Nigeria.

Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, 210210, Nigeria.

References

Delgado C, Rosegrant M, Steinfeld H, Ehui S, Courbois C. Livestock to 2020: the next food revolution. Food, Agriculture, and the Environment Discussion Paper 28. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC. 1999.

Ijaiya AT, Aremu A, Egena SSA, Jiya EZ, Akinwale MO, Malik AA. Mamman H. Growth response and egg production of japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) fed diets containing varying levels of fermented cassava (Manihot esculenta) Peel Meal. 19th European Symposium on Poultry Nutrition held between 26th –29th August, 2013 at Potsdam, Germany. 2013.

Ani AO, Okeke GC, Emeh MB. (2009). Response of growing Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks to diets containing different energy and protein levels. Proceedings 34th Annual Conference Nigeria Society for Animal Production 15th – 18th March, Uyo, 2009; 328 – 331p.

NRC. Quail. In: Micro-livestock’s – Little known small animals with a promising economic future. National Research Council, Academy Press, Washington D.C. 1991; 147-155p.

Hemid AFA, Abd El-Gaward AH, El-Wardany I, El-Daly EF, Abd El-Azeem NA. Alleviating effects of some environmental stress factors on productive performance in Japanese quail laying performance. World J. Agric Sci., 2010; 6:517–524.

Ijaiya AT, Aremu A, Alabi JO, Tiya EZ, Malik AA., Chakwen SJ, Onyemerekwe, CDA. Replacement value of millet for maize in practical diet fed to Japanese quail chicks. Nig. J. Poult Sci., 2009; 6:1–16.

Abioye AIR, Duru FIO, Noronha CC, Okanlawon AO. Aqueous extract of the bark of Kigelia africana reverses early Testicular damage induced by methanol extract of Carica papaya. Niger. J. Health Biomed Sci, 2003; 2(2):87-89.

Owolabi OJ, Omagbai EKI. Analgesiac and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanolic stem bark extract of Kigelia africana (Bignoivaceae). Afr. J. Biotechnol., 2007; 6: 582-589.

Atawodi SE, Olowoniyi OD. Pharmacological and Therapeutic Activities of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. Annu Res. Rev.Biol., 2015; 5(1):1-17.

Ojediran TK, Emiola IA, Durojaye V, Alagbe OJ. Proximate, vitamin and GC-MS profiling of Kigelia africana fruit powder. Cerrado: Agr. and Biol. Res., 2024; 1(1): 13-9.

Ojediran TK, Alagbe OJ, Durojaye V, Emiola IA. Analysis of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth. fruit powder's antioxidant and phytochemical properties. Braz. J. Sci., 2024; 3(7): 38-49.

Mann A, Gbate M, Umar AN. Medicinal and economic plants of nupeland, JubeEvans Books and Publications, Bida. 1st Edition; 2003; 277.

Otimenyin SO, Uzochukwu DC. (2012). Spasmolytic and Anti-diarrhea effects of the bark of Erythrina senegalensis and root of Kigelia africana. Asian J. Pharm Clin. Res., 2012; 3(4):11-14.

Ojediran TK, Emiola IA. Effect of processing and level of inclusion of processed-fermented Jatropha curcas (L.) kernel meals on the performance of starter broiler chicks Trop. Agric. (Trinidad), 2018; 95(1):55-66.

Ojediran TK, Olayeni TB, Shittu MD, Ogunwemimo OT, Emiola IA. (2015). Residual antinutrients in differently processed Jatropha curcas kernel meals: Effect on Blood Parameters and gut Microbes of Broilers Chicks. Int. J. Appl. Res. Technol., 4(1):29-38.

Tietz, NW. Clinical guide to laboratory test, 3 edition. W.B. Sanders company, Philadephia. 1995; 518-519.

Barham D, Trinder P. An improved colour reagent for the determination of blood glucose by the oxidase system. Analyst, 1972; 97: 142-145.

Donmas BT, Watson BT, Biggs HC. Albumin standard and the measurement of serum with Bromo Cresol Green. Clin. Chim Acta, 1971; 31: 87-96.

Schmidt E., Schmidt F. W. (1963). Determine of serum glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase. Biol. Clin. 1963; 3: 1.

Peters T, Biomont CT, Doumas B1. Frotein (total protein) in serum, urine and cerebrospinal tluid, albumin in sernum: in selected methods of clinical chermistry, 1996.

SAS. SAS/STAT Guide for personal computers version and Edition. Cary, North Carolina, SAS Institute; 2000.

Duncan DB. Multiple range test and F-tests. In Biometrics, 1955; 11:1-42.

AOAC. Official methods of analysis (19th Ed). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA. 2002.

Pauzenga U. Feeding Parent Stock. Zootech Int. 1985; 22-25.

Alagbe JO. Characterization of bioactive compounds in Luffa aegyptiaca leaf ethanolic extracts using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Food Sci. Appl. Microbiol. Reports, 2022; 1(2), 21-28.

Ojediran TK, Emiola IA. Consequences of defattening and cooking on the proximate and mineral composition of Jatropha curcas Kernel Meal. Int. J. Phytofuels Allied Sci., 2012; 1(1):27-34

Abioye AA, Ojediran TK, Emiola IA. Fermented African yam bean (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) and pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) seed meals: Effect of residual anti-nutrients on the blood profile, organ weight and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. IOSR J. Agric. Vet. Sci. (IOSR-JAVS), 2007; 10(12), 1-7.

Akinfala EO, Aderibigbe AO, Matanmi O. Evaluation of the nutritive value of whole cassava plant as replacement for maize in the starter diets for broiler chicken. Livest Res. Rural Dev., 2002; 14(6):44-49.

Alagbe OJ, Jubril EA, Matthew B, Effiong E, Ojediran TK. Supplementing broiler chicken diet with Uvaria chamae leaf meal: effects on immune response, gut microbial population and growth performance. Sci. Lett., 2024; 12(1):10-19.

Edache JA, Usman M, Haruna ES, Esilonu JO, JIbrin I, Okpala EJ, Dogo IG. Replacement value of guinea corn for maize in practical diet fed to quails chicks. Anim. Res. Int., 2005; 2(2):29–31.

Guluwa LY, Madaki YA, Machido H, Dantayi RJ, Kulokom S. Performance and carcass evaluation of quails fed graded levels of water soaked sweet orange peel meal. Adv. Life Sci. Technol., 2014; 20:1-6.

Akinrotimi OA, Agokei EO, Aranyo AA. Changes in haematological parameters of Tilapia guineensis exposed to different salinity levels. J. Environ Eng. Technol., 2012; 1:4-12.

Idowu AA, Popoola OC, Alani JO, Ipadeola A, Nwekoyo VE. (2020). Toxicity effect of Kigelia africana aqueous extract on the haematology and histopathology of juvenile nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Agro-Sci. J. Trop. Agric. Food Environ. Ext., 2020; 19(1):37-42.

Adakole JA. Changes in some haematological parameters of the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) exposed to a metal finishing company effluent. Indian J. Sci. Technol., 2012; 5(4):2510-2514.

Eriegha OJ, Omitoyin BO, Ajani EK.. Evaluation of haematological and biochemical parameters of juvenile Oreochromis niloticus after exposure to water soluble fractions of crude oil. J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage, 2017; 21(6):1041-1045.

Mnisi CM, Mlambo V. Growth performance, haematology, serum biochemistry and meat quality characteristics of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) fed canola meal-based diets. Anim. Nutr., 2018; 4(1):37–43

Ali MY, Abdur RK, Shakoori AR. Haematological and biochemical responses of blood of an endangered South Asian fresh water fish Tor putitora against aquatic pollution. Pak. J. Zool., 2008; 40(2):123-134

Zaghloul KH, Omar WA. Abo-Hegab S. Environmental hazard risk assessment on Oreochromis niloticus and Tilapia zillii fish. J. Egypt. Ger. Soc. Zool., 2005; 46:105-139.

Atawodi, S. Olowoniyi OD. Pharmacological and therapeutic activities of Kigelia africana fruitpowder. Annu. Res. Rev. Biol, 2015; 5(1), 1-7.

Mitruka BM, Rawnsley HM. Chemical, biochemical and haematological, reference value in normal experimental animals. Mason, N.Y. 1977; 287-380.

Alagawany M, Nasir M, Al-Abdullatif A, Alhotan RA, Azzam MM, Reda FM. Impact of dietary cold-pressed chia oil on growth, blood chemistry, haematology, immunity and antioxidant status of growing Japanese quail. Ital J, Anim. Sci., 2020; 19(1):896-904.

Pravda D, Boda K, Baumgartner J, Jelinek P, Ku~insky P, Okruhlica M, Petrovska E. Haematological parameters of japanese quail (Cotumix cotumix japonica) kept in cages under normal conditions and exposed to long-term hypodynamy. Acta Vet. Brno, 1996; 65:93-97.

Humayun Y, Aslam A, Azeem T, Abid AS, Shah MAA, Munir MT, Umar S. (2015). Toxic effects of lead on biochemical and histological features and their amelioration by vitamin E in Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). J. Avian Res., 2015; 1(1): 4-9.

Kraft W, Dȕrr UM. Serum-Protein. In: Klinische Labordiagnostik in der Tiermedizin, (Ed.) Schattauer, Stuggart, Germany, 1999; 169- 200.

Harr KE. Clinical chemistry of companion avian species: A review. Vet. Clin. Pathol, 2002; 31: 140-151.

Patra RC, Amiya RK, Swarup D. Oxidative Stress in Lead and Cadmium Toxicity and its Amelioration. Vet. Med. Int., 2011; 3: 18-27.

Barde IJ, Bale JO, Oladele SB, Fatihu MY, Kumbish PR, Rimfa AG, Ahmed JS, Okelowo PA. Serum biochemical changes in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Experimentally Infected with Salmonella Enterica Servorar Gallinarium. Afr. J.Cell. Pathol., 2015; 4: 42-47.

Ashour AERA, Yassin MM, Abuaasis NM. Ali RM. (2007). Blood Serum glucose and renal parameters in lead-loaded albino rats and treatment with some chelating agents and natural oil. Turk. J. Biol., 2007; 31: 25-34.

Taib NT, Jarrar BM, Mubarak M. (2004). Ultrastructural alterations in hepatic tissues of white rats (Rattus norvegicus) induced by lead experimental toxicity. Saudi J. Biol. Sci., 2004; 11: 11-20.

Abang FBP, Ikyume T, Ina-Ibor BO. (2016). Carcass and organ characteristics of growing Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) fed diets containing boiled Prosopis africana seed coat meal (BPASCM). Glob. J. Agric. Res., 2016; 4(6):1-6.

Sabow A, Abdulla N, Ahmad B. The carcass and meat quality characteristics of Japanese quail fed a diet supplemented with powdered Lactuca seriola leaves. Potravinarstvo Slovak J. Food Sci., 2021; 15:521–527.

Goldberg EM, Ryland D, Gibson RA, Aliani M. House JD. Designer laying hens diets to improve egg fatty acid profile and maintain sensory quality. Food Sci. Nutr., 2013; 1:324-335.

Nwokocha KE, Oboh G, Ademosun AO, Adefegha SA, Akindahunsi AA. Sensory qualities, nutritional properties and glycaemic indices of biscuits produced from processed Fonio Millet flour.Trop J Phytochem Pharm. Sci. 2024; 3(1):124-130.

Makinde, FM, Udo, EF, Olugbile, DD, Abiola OO. HPLC and FT-IR Analyses of Nigerian Alligator Pepper (Aframomum melegueta) Methanol Seed Extract. Trop J Phytochem Pharm. Sci. 2024; 3(3):230-233.

Winarno FG. Food Chemistry and Nutrition. Gramedia, Jakarta. 1997.

Nagodawithana T, Reed G. Enzymes in Food Processing, 3rd ed. Edited. 1994.

Ayanwale BA, Adama TZ, Jiya EZ. Meat yield and meat composition of broiler chickens fed sodium chloride treated rice bran as a replacement for corn offal. Trop. J. Anim. Sci., 2003; 6(1):27-32.

Ojediran TK, Busari O, Olagoke OC, Emiola IA. Multi-processed cassava root meal: A suitable replacement for maize in Japanese quail diet. Emerging Anim. Species, 2023; 9:1-7

Lawrie RA. Lawrie’s Meat Science. 6th Edition, Woodhead Publishing Ltd., Cambridge, England, 1998; 336.

Akinwumi AO, Odunsi AA, Omojola AB, Akanda TO, Rafiu TA. Evaluation of carcass, organ and organoleptic properties of spent layers of different poultry types. Bots. J. Agric. Appl. Sci., 2013; 9(1):3-7.

Ashie INA, Sorensen TL, Nielsen PM. (2002). Effects of papain and a microbial enzyme on meat proteins and beef tenderness. J. Food Sci., 2002; 67(6):2138-2142.

Agu EC, Okeudo NJ, Aladi NO, Okoro VMO. Effect of dietary inclusion of ginger meal (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) on performance, serum cholesterol profile and carcass quality of broilers. Niger. J. Anim. Prod., 2017; 44(1):254-266.

Falodun A, Igbinosa EO. Prospects of microbial natural products and their biological entities in drug discovery. Trop J Phytochem Pharm. Sci. 2022; 1(1):1.

Downloads

Published

2024-10-03

How to Cite

Ojediran, T. K., Durojaye, V. O., Ajayi, M. S., Agbede, I. A., Oni, F. L., Alamu, L. O., & Emiola, I. A. (2024). Nutritional Properties of <i>Kigelia africana</i> Fruit Meal: Additive Effects on Growth Response, Blood Characteristics, Carcass Properties and Organoleptic Attributes of Japanese Quails. Tropical Journal of Phytochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3(6), 356–363. https://doi.org/10.26538/tjpps/v3i6.6